We are surrounded by a huge number of colors, tones and shades. Therefore, teachers and parents must introduce the child to the diversity of the magical world of colors. You need to know that a young child can independently only identify the property of an object - color, and teaching him to play and practice with colored rings, figures and patches is the task of an adult.

The very first colors that a child identifies are red, yellow, blue and green, and only then all the others. Initially, the baby begins to perceive and remember colors with the help of associations. Its memory stores groups of objects united by a common color. For example: green – grasshopper, grass; blue – sky, river; yellow – sun, chicken, dandelion. Parents should remember that it is always easier for a child to draw conclusions based on their own experience. If you, while walking with your child, repeat to him the description of objects and phenomena (grass is green, the sky is blue) and play “questions” with him (“What else is blue?”), he will not only easily remember the names of colors, but and learn to think about it for yourself. Also, for memorizing colors, the main attributes are indispensable - paints and plasticine, and frequent use of them in games will speed up the child’s perception and memorization of both primary colors and others, which the baby usually becomes acquainted with much later, for example, gray, white, orange.

Learning colors with the little ones

When a baby is born, at first he reacts to bright light and distinguishes only it from others. The color perception system matures by 3–4 months, but the baby begins to distinguish colors from the first weeks of life.

At first his attention is attracted by yellow objects. Then he begins to fix his gaze on objects of orange-red color (3–4 months), and then begins to distinguish between blue and green (4–5 months), and a little later – purple (5–6 months). The formation of color vision is completed in a baby by the age of 4–5 years. It is then that you should pay attention to toys of these colors. You need to start learning with two colors, no more, it is best to let them be red and yellow.

You might be surprised: what lessons could there be? The most common ones. Through communication with an adult, a child can receive useful information already in infancy. And for his development it is very important what importance the mother attaches to knowledge of the world. Of course, a lot of time will pass before the baby begins to name colors and group them, but we can assume that by showing the baby a toy and not forgetting to say what color it is, you have already begun to teach him. It is known that the child’s psyche is very plastic, and even more so at the age of 1 year, so it is important to remember that while you are giving information, it is simply stored in the head. The child is growing, and when the brain is ready to assimilate, remember, and then act with color, these processes will go much easier, because an attentive mother introduced her baby to the colors of toys from a very early age. When such a child grows up, most likely they will say about him “he grasps everything on the fly,” and this will be an excellent result of your efforts.

Learning colors: 1–1.5 years

Your baby has turned 1 year old - a period called early, or walking childhood, has begun. The child is very active and ready for new experiences, but his cognitive processes are still very imperfect. When playing with his favorite toys, the baby is able to identify only one property of the object - the one that he likes most; it could be shape or size. As for the color, it does not yet have any significance for recognizing the object, and the baby will not be able to identify the toy by it. This should be taken into account during classes so as not to overload the child with information. That is, you can continue to actively introduce the baby to color, carrying out that very “bookmark” of information, but now it will be much more fun and will sooner bear fruit. After all, before the baby lay in the crib, cooed and only allowed you to describe the surrounding objects to him. Now he himself takes an active part in the games, strings colored pyramid rings, and tries to build towers from cubes.

You also need to pay attention to drawing. At this age, the baby tightly grips a pencil in the palm of his hand, but the joy of drawing manifests itself purely on an emotional level, because he is not yet able to depict something specific.

Learning colors: 1.5–2 years

By the age of 2, the system of perception of color as a separate feature of an object is already becoming established, but not all children are able to identify and understand it, but only those on whose development an adult has actively worked.

Continuing to repeat the colors of toys and other objects that surround the baby, we can encourage the child to turn to his thinking and memory: “Please bring me a yellow cube, a blue ball, a red bow, etc.”

The ability to draw at this age is almost no different from the previous one, but here you can use the child’s tendency to imitate: you can draw a line on a piece of paper with a colored pencil so that the baby does the same - these will be his first steps towards visual creativity. This also includes drawing with fingers, colored crayons, and with wide brushes it’s great to depict blots and strokes, each time saying what kind of paint the baby is currently using.

At the age of up to 2 years, the entire arsenal of toys is actively used, with the help of which you can reinforce the names of colors: mother and baby build towers from cubes (“Let’s put a red cube on a blue one”), assemble a pyramid (“Give me a yellow ring, please”) or, drawing with felt-tip pens, select a suitable color cap for each felt-tip pen.

Learning colors: 2–3 years

With proper training, in the third year of life, a child can distinguish all the primary colors of the spectrum: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet. Now you have many more opportunities for training and development. The baby will be involved with interest in all the new games that you offer him, and from the age of 3, the game will become the leading activity of the child’s life.

Now there are a large variety of games and toys that allow you to continue learning colors at this age. Since by the age of 3 a child can already identify such properties of an object as shape and color, Dienesh blocks are well suited for games to study colors at this age - this is a set of plastic geometric shapes that are united by several characteristics, such as color, shape, size. By playing with them, the baby learns to highlight the property of an object, in this case color, to generalize or separate the object from others.

Also at this age, you need to pay attention to the child’s ability to classify according to a selected attribute. You can put 3-4 sheets of paper of different colors in front of him and scattered figures cut out of paper in the same 3 or 4 colors. Let the child determine which sheets will match which figures in color. Similar games can be created with other toys - cubes, pyramid rings, construction set parts, etc.

So, we can summarize how a child’s thinking develops in the third year of life in relation to color perception:

color is perceived meaningfully - as a separate feature of an object;
The baby acquires the ability to classify colors according to a given criterion.

Class time

It is better to conduct classes with a child at this age in the morning after breakfast in the interval between 8.30 and 9.30, or in the evening - from 16.00 to 17.00. In preschool institutions, teachers, when conducting classes with a group, try to adhere to the same time period, since it has been proven that it is at this time that children are very active and their brains are more receptive to information.

As for the duration of classes, you need to know that the younger the child, the shorter the “lesson” will be: it can even be a minute, and this is completely normal - these are the characteristics of attention and perception of children. It is important to take into account the individual characteristics of the child and his temperament. Children are frisky and overly active, even at preschool age they cannot concentrate for five minutes on what they are shown or taught. If your baby is like this, then the lesson will last as long as the baby’s attention is enough. Naturally, when a child grows up, he will need to develop perseverance, otherwise he will constantly “have his head in the clouds” and will not remember anything.

With calm, diligent kids it will be easier to study, and the lessons will be longer.

Time for activities with children

• Up to 1 year 2–5 minutes.
• From 1 year to 2 years up to 10 minutes.
• From 2 to 3 years 10–20 minutes.

A child under 3 years old is extremely active in his actions: he himself plays with a pyramid, lays out colored cards, builds a tower from cubes. But on his own he is not able to study colors and understand how to play with colored figures. Therefore, remember: it is very important that at this time an adult is nearby, tells, explains, teaches.

In games with colors, as in any other games, it is important to create a joyful mood in the child, then he will always have the association that activities are fun and healthy. He will transfer this attitude to his educational activities when he goes to school.

In class, avoid diminutive words in relation to color. “Red” and “green” should be replaced with “red” and “green” so that the baby initially perceives and pronounces correctly.
If your child draws a pink wolf or a yellow sky, you should not forbid him to do so: remember that the child expresses his emotional state with color.

Do you study colors with your baby every day, but today he is not in the mood, he is capricious, does not listen to you and runs away? Don’t force him - try playing some other game so as not to spoil the mood for yourself or him: at this age, children follow their feelings, and nothing will force them to play if they don’t want to.

In addition to the main colors, do not forget to introduce your child to others, which are less common: pink, gray, purple, otherwise the patterns will become firmly entrenched in the baby’s thinking, and he may call pink color red, and purple color blue, because they are similar, and the child will call their real names does not know.

Educational games

• Up to 1 year

There must be a pendant of colored rattles or mobiles hanging above the baby’s crib. These can also be toys attached to the sides of the bed. Change toys periodically and do not forget to name the color of the hanging object. The baby quickly masters what he sees and hears constantly.

When dressing your baby, show him colored socks, hats, mittens and name their colors. Let the baby look at them and touch them.

At six months, a child is able to look for the object you are talking about: show him a red ball, play with it, then ask: “Where is the red ball?”

By 9–10 months, the child independently finds the toy that you hid with him. Ask him to find, for example, a blue balloon. Don't forget to repeat which ball he found and praise the baby.

Closer to 1 year, a child can assemble a pyramid. Do this together and comment on which ring he should wear, hand him the rings, tell him what color they are. Ask for a green ring.

Without memorizing and memorizing - for now just for the purpose of familiarization - you can paint with paints (using a wide brush, apply strokes and blots to the sheet) and sculpt from plasticine, not forgetting to name the colors.

• 1–1.5 years

The color of your favorite toy. At this age, the baby already has his favorite toys. When describing them to your child in games, specify what color they are: “Who is this? Bear! What kind of bear? Brown…"; "And who is this? Frog. What frog? Green”, etc.

Color lives in a book. Read and look at books with large images: sun (yellow), frog (green), hare (white/gray), cloud (blue), river (blue), bear (brown), tomato (red), etc. Comment on everything you see to your child. Constantly repeat the colors and ask your child questions about what color.

Colored balls. Show your child 2 small balls, plastic or rubber, such as yellow and blue. Play with your child, roll balls to each other, show, compare: “This is a yellow ball, this is a blue ball.” Repeat several times: “Here, Sasha, yellow ball. Give it to mom, give me a yellow ball, now give me a blue one, please, etc.”

• 1.5–2 years

Houses and people. Cut out large houses from colored cardboard (let them be 5 houses of red, yellow, blue, green and light blue) and prepare small cardboard people (silhouettes) for them. Ask your child to place the little people in houses, whichever one fits where.

Rugs. Take a sheet of colored paper and cut out a medium-sized circle in the middle using a stencil. Glue the sheet with a round hole onto the cardboard, glue the circle separately so that there is a solid base. Tell your child that this is a red rug in which mice have chewed a hole, but it can be closed. Show how this can be done. The circle fits the rug very well. Make several of these “mats” and “patches”.

Magic bags. Sew bags of 4-5 colors and cut out figures from double-sided cardboard. These can be stars or simply geometric figures - circles, squares, triangles. Place the figures into bags with your baby: red into red, yellow into yellow, green into green.

There is another version of this game. Make the yellow figures for the yellow bag in the shape of small suns, the blue ones in the shape of clouds, the red ones in the shape of apples, and the blue ones in the shape of stars. Your baby will have great fun pulling out the colored figures and putting them back in again and again.

A poem about a rainbow will help you begin to learn the basic colors that your child will soon begin to use.

Rainbow

A rainbow hung in the spring sky,
I looked at the earth cheerfully from the sky.
We smiled joyfully in response:
– Rainbow, rainbow, color, overexposure.
The rainbow hung in the sky for a short time,
She looked from heaven to earth for a short time:
Melted...
What did she leave as a souvenir for everyone?
RED poppies,
YELLOW sand,
GREEN lit up
There is a leaf on a branch.
Beetle PURPLE
It warms my sides.
BLUE splashes
River to its banks.
ORANGE sun
The forests are warm.
And the starling has BLUE... eyes.
(V. Stepanov)

Try to pronounce the names of colors clearly and slowly: there is nothing more touching than watching your baby, who until recently was so stupid, delve into what you tell him!

2–3 years

Let's draw together. Draw a sun, a cloud, an orange with a simple pencil, let them be large - each figure on a separate album sheet. Ask your child what he sees, what color the sun is, ask him to take a suitable pencil and color it in. If necessary, help your baby and do it together.

Color train. Take a large cube, for example, red (it can be a construction piece or a plastic cube). Tell your child that now you will build a train with him. The train consists of carriages. Look for red cubes among the rest and place them one after another. The first large cube will be the “head” of the train, the rest will be the cars. Using the same principle, by combining figures or cubes by color, you can build towers and cities.

Colorful city. For this game you will need figures of different shapes - square, triangular, rectangular, Dienesh blocks are ideal. Build, for example, a fence from green cubes, and behind it build houses: small and large - red, blue and yellow. Don’t forget to match the shapes by color - put a red roof (triangular shape) on a red house, etc. Build colored houses with your child.

Riddles for children

Riddles will be one of the first helpers for children in understanding the world around them. They help develop memory - through systematic repetition, thinking - by forcing the child to turn to his own experience to find the answer, imagination, vocabulary. It’s good if the answer is, as they say, “at hand”: you can show a mouse in a book, a real frog, on a walk by the lake, etc.

Look at the book.
What do you see? - A mouse.
She is white
But most often... (gray)

A frog jumps in a swamp.
She's always on the hunt.
Goodbye, stupid mosquito!
And the frog's color is... (green)

From shells, from diapers
A little chicken came out.
Oh, how funny you are
Our little lump... (yellow)

I grew up in a meadow in the summer.
I can rip it off.
I'll take the flower home -
Bell... (blue)
(E. Duke)

Colors of rainbow

Learning through poetry greatly facilitates understanding and expands a child's vocabulary. Children listen to poetry with pleasure; they are easier to remember and are deposited in the subconscious. For successful learning, you need to know the individual characteristics of your baby: some remember better when they see a color, an object, a picture in front of them; for other children, pictures can be distracting. Observe your child, determine what is best for him.

The colors are terribly tired today:
They painted a rainbow in the sky.
We worked for a long time on the rainbow of colors,
The rainbow came out beautiful, like in a fairy tale.
All colorful - what a beauty!
Just admire the colors:

Red
Red radish grew in the garden
There are tomatoes nearby - red kids.
There are red tulips on the window,
Red banners are burning outside the window.

Orange
Orange fox
I dream about carrots all night -
Looks like a fox tail:
Orange too.

Yellow
The yellow sun looks at the earth,
A yellow sunflower watches the sun.
Yellow pears hang on the branches.
Yellow leaves are flying from the trees.

Green
We have green onions growing
And green cucumbers
And outside the window there is a green meadow
And the houses are whitewashed.
Every house has a green roof,
And a cheerful gnome lives in it
In new green trousers
From maple leaves.

Blue
My doll has blue eyes,
And the sky above us is still blue.
It is blue, like a thousand eyes.
We look at the sky, and the sky looks at us.

Blue
There is an island in the blue sea,
The path to the island is long.
And a flower grows on it -
Blue-blue cornflower.

Violet
The purple violet is tired of living in the forest.
I'll pick it and bring it to my mom on her birthday.
She will live with purple lilacs
On the table in a beautiful vase near the window.
(A. Wenger)

With successful learning, by the age of 2–3 years the child knows and names the main colors of the spectrum. Playing with colors will not only bring joy to the baby and put him in a good mood, but will also become an important component in the development of his cognitive system and sensory processes. So parents can safely begin fun lessons in all the colors of the rainbow!

This article contains games aimed at helping a child master the color scheme. In addition to games, it is recommended to talk through the names of colors with your child throughout the day, paying attention to how blue the sky is today or whether the snow is white and fluffy. Name the color of clothes, shoes, fruits. In the process of activity, the child naturally masters the color scheme.

Observing the natural richness of colors helps develop your child's attention, observation and sophisticated color perception. After all, the sky is different every day, in the morning and in the evening, before a thunderstorm and after rain; The color of autumn leaves is unusually rich, and the summer riot of color is amazing.

Match the pairs

Necessary equipment: several pairs of geometric shapes cut out of colored paper. The pair must be made up of figures of the same color.

◈ Mix the figures and ask the child to sort them into pairs based on color and shape.

Sort by color

Required equipment: 5 groups of geometric shapes. Each contains figures of the same color, but different shapes.

◈ Mix the elements of the groups and ask the child to choose all the shapes of the same color.

The cube got lost

Required equipment: 4 cubes of different colors.

◈ Invite your child to build a tower or house. During the game, hide one cube. Draw your child's attention to the fact that there are fewer cubes. Ask what color cube is missing.

◈ By complicating the task, increase the number of cubes, expand the color range; hide two or three cubes.

Cleaning

The game helps develop fine motor skills of classifying objects by color.

Necessary equipment: basket or bucket, objects of different colors.

◈ First lay out toys, pencils and other things on the floor. Explain to your child that now you will walk around the room and collect all yellow (red, blue, etc.) objects in a basket.

◈ When looking for objects, consult with your baby: “Is this a yellow pencil? Will we take it?

◈ Pick up a thing of a different color and try to get your child to explain to you that you are wrong.

Building a tower

The game promotes the development of motor skills, classification, counting, comparison skills

Required equipment: cubes of two colors.

◈ Invite your child to build two towers of different colors, after sorting the cubes. During the construction process, deliberately make mistakes by choosing cubes of the wrong color.

What kind of car is that expensive?

The game promotes the development of attention, helps to study the color range

◈ Draw several cars of different colors.

◈ Ask your child to color the paths underneath. The color of the track must match the color of the car.

Pick up the thread

The game helps to master the color scheme and develops object matching skills.

◈ Draw balloons of different colors. Ask your child to draw strings of the appropriate color to them.

Pictures in numbers

The game promotes the development of colors and helps the study of numbers

Required equipment: paper, colored pencils.

◈ Draw a simple drawing with a simple or black pencil. Place the numbers inside the outlines so that each has its own color. The correspondence column can be drawn next to it.

◈ For example, let’s draw a tree in a meadow: 1 corresponds to brown (tree trunk), 2 to green (tree crown, grass), 3 to yellow (sun), 4 to blue (sky).

◈ Color the picture with your child.

◈ Start with simple drawings and a few numbers. Gradually expand your color range. You can use some symbols instead of numbers.

For a long time now I have been promising to write an article about how to teach a child to distinguish colors and about how we did it with Taisiya. Judging by the number of questions I receive, this topic interests many mothers. This is not surprising, because knowledge of colors is an integral part of a baby’s sensory development. Getting to know color significantly expands a child’s understanding of the world and allows him to classify all surrounding objects in another way - by color. In addition, the ability to distinguish colors opens up a new layer of interesting educational games for the child.

When does a child begin to see colors?

Experts say that for a child, the world takes on colors within the first 3-4 months of life. Indeed, a child can pay attention to contrasting patterns and react differently to rattles of different colors, but, of course, it is too early to talk about conscious separation of colors at this age. The ability to find a certain color among others, and even more so to name colors, appears in the baby much later. no earlier than 1-1.5 years . Well, the exact timing depends solely on whether you pay attention to studying colors with your child.

You can name colors while playing with your baby for up to a year, and there will be no harm from it. Well, after a year, you can introduce special “color” games, which will be discussed in this article. These games are also suitable for 2-3 year old children who are still confused about the names of colors.

Child's readiness to remember color names you can check it very easily. When playing with cubes (construction sets, balls in a dry pool...), take, for example, a red cube and ask your child to find exactly same, same. If the child understood you and coped with the task, we can say that he distinguishes colors and is ready to learn their names.

Learning colors during everyday games and walks

Generally speaking, I am convinced that in order to teach a child to distinguish primary colors, there is no great need for special classes; it is enough just to regularly name the colors during your regular games. - be sure to pronounce the colors of pencils, build from cubes, construction sets or mosaics - also do not forget to remember the shades of the details. The same applies to dressing, walking, and your other favorite activities - in conversation, constantly name the colors of the objects and playing materials around you.

Just remember that “learning colors” does not mean that you have to constantly examine the child “Tell me what color it is”, “Show me where red is”, etc. A child, like any other person, does not like being tested on his knowledge, so at first just name the colors and answer your own questions: “Where is the yellow cube? Here he is!" “Let’s draw the grass with a green pencil.”

How to teach a child to distinguish colors? Games

In “sorting” games, the child is required to divide objects into groups, focusing on their color, and you are also required to constantly say the names of colors , so that they are deposited in the baby’s head. What can you sort? Here are some game options:

You can make a color sorter from any unnecessary box; just cover the box with colored paper and make a few slits. You can push mosaic pieces, multi-colored paper clips, buttons, etc. into the slots. Our sorter is made from a tea box and mosaic pieces. There are sometimes ready-made options.

• We lay out toys and other small household items on the floor and invite the child to sort them into boxes of the appropriate color. Instead of boxes, you can prepare a large sheet of paper with different colored sections. Our game was much more dynamic when we distributed colored sections between Taisiya and her favorite toy. For example, Tasya took away all the red objects, and the doll Masha took away all the yellow ones.

• We find a mother hen for each testicle, focusing on color.

Place all the eggs in a cut-off plastic cup attached to the chicken.

You can come up with a huge number of color sorting options; it’s impossible to list them all here. You can place colorful butterflies in flowers, fruits and vegetables in baskets, and settle colorful animals in houses... By the way, in A collection of games from readers there are still good ones.

2. Games from the “Match a Pair” series

Games from the “Match a Pair” category are also well suited for learning colors. You can select lids for houses, caps for gnomes or clowns, housing for colorful people, etc.

You can try this version of the game: lay out the incorrect version in front of your child in advance and ask him to correct the mistakes.

3. Color lotto

Games based on the lotto principle become interesting to children at about a little over a year old. Of course, for now the kids don’t play by adult rules, but simply match cards to the playing field with pictures.

In color lotto, the pictures on each playing field have only one color. (An example of a colored lotto can be DOWNLOAD HERE ). Therefore, to collect such a lotto, the child needs to select cards of a given color from the rest and place them correctly on the field.

In a more complicated version, you can use 2-3 playing fields at the same time, and also learn to match color and black and white images, just like in the game « Gnomes and houses» (Ozon, My-shop, Read) from "School of the Seven Dwarfs".

4. Colorful days

This method of introducing color is very popular now. It lies in the fact that within one day (and some even stretch out this pleasure for a whole week), the child very often “comes across” the same color, regularly hears its name and, accordingly, quickly remembers it. So, on red day, you and your baby can dress in red clothes, find all the red toys and even eat red fruits and vegetables. Of course, all this time you will remind your child what color is on your way. Here is a sample list of what you can do on a “colored” day:

Together with the baby, we look at pre-selected toys of the color being studied;

• We put on clothes in appropriate colors;
• We walk around the apartment looking for toys and other objects of the color being studied;
• While walking, we look for cars of the color we need;
• Playing with color;

• We look at a book or cards with pictures of the color we need ( download sample cards);

• We play lotto of a given color (see above);
• We include in the menu products of the studied color (For example, for red day suitable: berries, tomatoes, red apples, pomegranates; For green : grapes, green olives, lettuce, peas, green apples, green beans, kiwi, avocado; For yellow : banana, corn, yellow apples, lemon, butter, cheese, pineapple; For white : rice, cottage cheese, semolina porridge, milk; For orange : carrots, apricot, pumpkin, orange)

5. Doman cards “Colors”

To be honest, I believe that studying colors is the simplest and at the same time the most effective method, especially if we are not talking about too “traditional” tones. Doman classes require a minimum of effort and time, and the colors are almost guaranteed to be remembered, especially if the child has already had experience interacting with cards before. Just remember, in order for the learned colors not to fly out of the child’s head after a month, their names must be consolidate through other games (sort by color, play lotto, etc.).

What is also important: learn only those shades that you yourself distinguish and whose names you are really ready to use in your games and conversations. You shouldn’t get carried away with sets like “100 flowers” ​​from “Umnitsa”. What's the point of learning, for example, the shade purple, if when you encounter it in life, you yourself will most likely call it purple. This will only confuse the child.

My daughter and I started learning colors using cards at 1 year 4 months (by that time Tasya already knew and showed the four primary colors). Over the course of a few days, we memorized another 14 colors from the cards (a total of 18 in our arsenal) and began to mention their names in our games. For those who are skeptical about Doman’s method, I can assure that Taisiya to this day has not forgotten any of the colors she studied then!

Read more about the Doman method and the principles of training. "Colored" cards can be DOWNLOAD HERE and buy HERE.

6. Board games

After 2-2.5 years, board games can be used to consolidate knowledge about colors. For example, here is a good option:

(Ozon, My-shop) and its analogue - game "Shapes", I wrote about them before.

Educational cartoons

Educational cartoons can be a good help in learning colors. A couple of cartoons on this topic:

Books

Don't forget about books. You can read about colors in poetic and artistic form, for example, in the “Colorful Book” Marshak, or in Suteev’s story “The Rooster and the Colors” (usually published in Suteev's collections).

“Colors can be compared to the vitamins a child needs for growth and development.”
(B. A. Bazyma)

If you want to teach your child to distinguish colors, it is worth understanding the peculiarities of children's perception in order to properly organize the learning process and not demand the impossible from the child. So…

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Age-related features of color perception

• Newborns see the world in black and white.

Display black and white designs and geometric shapes.

• At 4-5 months, a child can recognize the primary colors of the spectrum.

Show him pure shades, without impurities or color transitions. At this age, the baby sees red shades better, so start getting acquainted with color with them.

• By the 7th month, the child becomes able to distinguish the colors of the short-wave part of the spectrum (green, blue).
• Children learn to distinguish and remember colors through associations.

The child perceives color in unity with the object and the word. For example, “yellow” is lemon or sunshine. If you show your child a picture of a green sun, you will confuse him. To the question “What is this?” he may not be able to answer.

• Full color perception is formed in a child by the age of eight.

The sense of color can be developed. Start learning colors with the basic ones and then add shades.

• Anomalies of color perception in children occur with approximately the same frequency as in adults.

If you notice any abnormalities, consult a doctor.

• Color preferences change with age.

Children love color, react to it, play with it. Familiarity with color helps them understand the world around them, develops observation and thinking, and enriches speech. Children of different ages have different color preferences. This should be taken into account when decorating the interior of a children's room, buying clothes, etc.

How to teach colors to a 1-2 year old child

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Is it possible to teach colors to a child if he does not yet know how to speak?

Not only is it possible, but it is necessary! The child is able to understand and remember what you tell and show him. And he will be able to repeat the words later, when he learns to speak, for now it is enough that he can point to the desired color or object with his finger. In the future, when he can consciously construct phrases, he will be able to easily explain the difference between one color or another.

What color should I start with?

• According to teachers, it is necessary to start teaching with red and yellow colors.
• Start learning colors with your favorite fruit. If a child loves orange, he will easily remember the color orange.
• You can play with plasticine or colored dough and tell your child the colors. By touching the plasticine and coming into contact with it, the child will quickly remember this or that color.
• Offer pencils and felt-tip pens for drawing, saying what color they are. Use these names as often as possible: “Please give me a red pencil,” “Let’s put a cap on the blue felt-tip pen.”

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• Among the toys for memorizing colors, pyramids, cubes, large construction parts, molds, multi-colored dishes, large mosaics, etc. are well suited.

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• Voice colors and actions with colored objects more often: “The bear likes to drink from a RED cup, the doll Masha likes a GREEN dress.”
• Learn colors while walking. “We are walking on green grass,” “look how blue the sky is!”, “Here is daddy’s black car.”
• Compare this or that color with objects familiar to the baby. “The spatula is as red as your cap,” “This bucket is as green as a cucumber.”

How to teach colors to a 3-4 year old child

• Include educational cartoons where the colors of different objects are clearly named.
• If you allow your child to play computer games, choose ones where you need to collect or separate objects by color.
• Play color construction by creating shapes of specific colors and naming them.

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• Suggest sorting items by color.

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The younger the child, the fewer items you need to offer him for sorting.

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• Make educational games with your own hands.

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• Come up with “colored fairy tales.” For example: “Once upon a time there was a handkerchief. One day he fell into a cup of red compote and turned red himself.”
• Say the names of colors in different contexts: “This is a red ball”, “The ball is red”, “This is a ball, it is red”, etc. Avoid diminutive words (little blue, red).
• Allow your child to play with foods and objects in the kitchen. You can touch everything and even eat it! But first you need to arrange them into piles according to color. For example, lemon, banana and plate are yellow, pepper, tomato and pan are red, etc.
• Play the game "Cap". Make caps from multi-colored cardboard. Tell a poem, and let the child choose the desired cap: “I’m going, I’m going to visit on a horse in a yellow (any color) hat.”
• Play the game “Find the odd one out.” Take 2-3 objects of one color and one of a completely different color. Invite your child to eliminate an object that is different from the rest in color.

Children begin to distinguish colors well only at 2–4 years old. But you can prepare your baby for discrimination on a sensory level - use treasure boxes. In Montessori pedagogy, they are offered to children from 6 months to obtain information about the sensory properties of objects.

Fill the box with things of the same color. Since this is a sensory activity, it is not necessary to identify and remember the names. When presenting the box to your baby, say: “Look, everything here is red!”, but don’t insist that he remembers.

How to learn colors withtwo-year-old children

• Sorting.

Before moving on to learning names, let your child practice discrimination in sorting games. At first, offer extremely simple sortings of 2-3 colors. Identical objects are placed by hand in containers of the corresponding color.

Gradually make the sorting more difficult, for example, let them sort items with tongs, a spoon, or tweezers.

• Exercise with plasticine.

Make cakes together from red, yellow, green and blue plasticine. Prepare buttons, sequins, beads of the same colors. Invite the children to glue them onto plasticine. This activity also perfectly develops motor skills.

• Exercises with tablets.

When sorting is no longer difficult, enter names. Make paired signs in different colors. Enter names three-step lesson:

Stage 1: show 3 signs and say “This is red, blue, yellow.”

Stage 2: ask your child to point to a sign of the color you name.

Step 3: Ask the name of each sign.

How to learn colorswith three year old children

By age three, children can often remember several names. If this doesn't happen, don't worry: continue with the sorts and other exercises below.

• Selection of objects from the environment.

The child matches small toys to each colored plate. This teaches the perception of shades: red is rarely the same, but the child needs to choose the closest match.

• A box with things from home.

This is a more abstract activity: children do not see signs in front of them. You give a basket and ask to put everything yellow in the house or classroom there. Do not forget that everything collected will need to be put in its place.