Child's height and weight are the main indicators of his physical development. That is why, immediately after the birth of the baby, they must measure his body weight and body length and continue to weigh himself daily at the same time until discharge from the hospital.

There are many factors that influence a child's physical development, for example:

• heredity (you shouldn’t expect short parents to have a son who is a basketball player)
• nutrition (it’s no secret that a deficiency of nutrients, vitamins and minerals slows down the growth and development of a child)
• physical activity (for example, playing tennis, volleyball, basketball helps increase height)
• child health (children with chronic diseases often lag behind their peers in physical development)
• psychological situation in the family, at school, lack of sleep, etc.

How to understand what is normal?

All-Russian Health Organization Special tables for the height and weight of children, or as they are called, centile tables, are recommended. At each examination, the pediatrician measures the child’s height and weight and compares the obtained values ​​with standard values. Such tables make it possible to identify obvious pathologies; for a more accurate analysis, the doctor calculates additional indicators using special formulas.

Table of weight and height of an infant by month (up to 1 year)

The table shows the average height and weight of infants (under 1 year of age) by month for boys and girls.

Age	Girls		Boys
	Weight, kg	Height, cm	Weight, kg	Height, kg
Newborns	3.33 ± 0.44	49.50 ± 1.63	3.53 ± 0.45	50.43 ± 1.89
1 month	4.15 ± 0.54	53.51 ± 2.13	4.32 ± 0.64	54.53 ± 2.32
2 months	5.01 ± 0.56	56.95 ± 2.18	5.29 ± 0.76	57.71 ± 2.48
3 months	6.07 ± 0.58	60.25 ± 2.09	6.26 ± 0.72	61.30 ± 2.41
4 months	6.55 ± 0.79	62.15 ± 2.49	6.87 ± 0.74	63.79 ± 2.68
5 months	7.38 ± 0.96	63.98 ± 2.49	7.82 ± 0.80	66.92 ± 1.99
6 months	7.97 ± 0.92	66.60 ± 2.44	8.77 ± 0.78	67.95 ± 2.21
7 months	8.25 ± 0.95	67.44 ± 2.64	8.92 ± 1.11	69.56 ± 2.61
8 months	8.35 ± 1.10	69.84 ± 2.07	9.46 ± 0.98	71.17 ± 2.24
9 months	9.28 ± 1.01	70.69 ± 2.21	9.89 ± 1.18	72.84 ± 2.71
10 months	9.52 ± 1.35	72.11 ± 2.86	10.35 ± 1.12	73.91 ± 2.65
11 months	9.80 ± 0.80	73.60 ± 2.73	10.47 ± 0.98	74.90 ± 2.55
12 months	10.04 ± 1.16	74.78 ± 2.54	10.66 ± 1.21	75.78 ± 2.79

Table of child weight and height by year (from 1 to 18 years)

The table shows the average height and weight of a child by year from 1 to 18 years of age for boys and girls.

Age	Girls		Boys
	Weight, kg	Height, cm	Weight, kg	Height, kg
1 year 3 months	10.52 ± 1.27	76.97 ± 3.00	11.40 ± 1.30	79.45 ± 3.56
1 year 6 months	11.40 ± 1.12	80.80 ± 2.98	11.80 ± 1.18	81.73 ± 3.34
1 year 9 months	12.27 ± 1.37	83.75 ± 3.57	12.67 ± 1.41	84.51 ± 2.85
2 years	12.63 ± 1.76	86.13 ± 3.87	13.04 ± 1.23	88.27 ± 3.70
2 years 6 months	13.93 ± 1.60	91.20 ± 4.28	13.96 ± 1.27	81.85 ± 3.78
3 years	14.85 ± 1.53	97.27 ± 3.78	14.95 ± 1.68	95.72 ± 3.68
4 years	16.02 ± 2.30	100.56 ± 5.76	17.14 ± 2.18	102.44 ± 4.74
5 years	18.48 ± 2.44	109.00 ± 4.72	19.70 ± 3.02	110.40 ± 5.14
6 years	21.34 ± 3.14	115.70 ± 4.32	21.9 ± 3.20	115.98 ± 5.51
7 years	24.66 ± 4.08	123.60 ± 5.50	24.92 ± 4.44	123.88 ± 5.40
8 years	27.48 ± 4.92	129.00 ± 5.48	27.86 ± 4.72	129.74 ± 5.70
9 years	31.02 ± 5.92	136.96 ± 6.10	30.60 ± 5.86	134.64 ± 6.12
10 years	34.32 ± 6.40	140.30 ± 6.30	33.76 ± 5.26	140.33 ± 5.60
11 years	37.40 ± 7.06	144.58 ± 7.08	35.44 ± 6.64	143.38 ± 5.72
12 years	44.05 ± 7.48	152.81 ± 7.01	41.25 ± 7.40	150.05 ± 6.40
13 years	48.70 ± 9.16	156.85 ± 6.20	45.85 ± 8.26	156.65 ± 8.00
14 years	51.32 ± 7.30	160.86 ± 6.36	51.18 ± 7.34	162.62 ± 7.34
15 years	56.65 ± 9.85	161.80 ± 7.40	56.50 ± 13.50	168.10 ± 9.50
16 years	58.00 ± 9.60	162.70 ± 7.50	62.40 ± 14.10	172.60 ± 9.40
17 years	58.60 ± 9.40	163.10 ± 7.30	67.35 ± 12.75	176.30 ± 9.70

Deviations of weight or height from table values

There is no need to panic if there is a minimal discrepancy with the indicated values ​​in the table, and here’s why:

1. First of all, child height and weight charts contain benchmarks, then what should ideally be the weight and height of the child, without taking into account many other factors. Sometimes parents of premature babies mistakenly use a standard table for comparison, while there are special tables for assessing the development of children born prematurely.
2. The rate of growth and weight gain is unique for each child.. In the first year of life, children develop in leaps and bounds. For example, during the period of introducing complementary foods, the baby’s weight may not reach the “norm” due to adaptation to a new type of food, and not because of pathology.

This does not mean that deviations from the norm should be ignored, but it is better to regard them as a reason to pay attention and consult with a specialist in order to identify possible health problems, or make sure that there are none.

What can cause obvious deviations from the norm?

Previously, we talked about minor deviations from the norm and the fact that there is no need to be alarmed if your child grows and gains weight not strictly according to the table. But what to do if the essential values ​​are outside the acceptable parameters, or are they at the intersection of normality and pathology?

The reasons for possible deviations can be divided into two groups:

1. Non-endocrine:

• Constitutional growth retardation. Or in other words, late puberty syndrome. One of the normal variants is when the pubertal leap occurs later than in other children.
• Familial short stature. It has a hereditary predisposition; in the family of such children there are relatives with short stature. Growth retardation manifests itself from early childhood.
• Prematurity, intrauterine and postpartum trauma.
• Genetic syndromes. As a rule, they have many clinical manifestations, one of which is growth retardation.
• Chronic diseases cardiovascular, bronchopulmonary systems, gastrointestinal tract, as well as anemia.
• Starvation.
• Taking certain medications.

2. Endocrine:

• Growth hormone deficiency. Biologically active substance, which is the main regulator of the growth process after 2 years.
• Lack of thyroid hormones. Most often of a congenital nature, clinically characterized by delayed physical and intellectual development from birth.
• Diabetes mellitus type 1. A disease in which, due to insulin deficiency, the supply of glucose to the body’s cells is disrupted, the so-called. “starvation” of cells, as a result, growth rates slow down.
• Itsenko-Cushing's disease (or syndrome). At the same time, the production of hormones of the adrenal cortex - glucocorticoids, which in large doses leads to disruption of the secretion of growth hormone, is increased.
• Rickets. A lack of vitamin D leads to bone destruction and skeletal deformations, which in turn is manifested, among other things, by a decrease in growth.
• Other rare endocrine system disorders.

As you can see, there are quite a lot of reasons.

If a child's growth is delayed, parents should consult a doctor to identify the causes of short stature and promptly correct it.

Remember that for normal growth of a child, a complete, balanced diet with a sufficient amount of vitamins and microelements, as well as dosed physical activity, is necessary.

The shape of the skull and head of a newborn baby.

Another feature of a newborn baby is the presence of a minor birth injury - a tumor on the newborn’s head. This is an absolutely normal physiological short-term phenomenon - swelling of soft tissues due to passage through the birth canal. Imagine that the baby uses his head to push apart the soft tissues of the birth canal, passes through the hole formed by the bones of the mother’s pelvis, and makes certain turns that he must make in order to be born. At this time, mainly the parietal areas are under enormous pressure. Because of this, a newborn child can receive birth trauma.

A birth tumor or hematoma in a newborn baby on the head is a minor birth injury with which 100% of babies born as a result of natural birth in the cephalic presentation are born. But in infants born in the breech position, the entire load goes to the pelvic part, and a birth tumor - a bruise - appears on the butt (soft tissues react differently to the load).

The birth tumor goes away completely painlessly in 1-2 days and does not require any treatment.

There is a relationship between the anatomical structure of the mother and the shape of the child's head.

• Newborn baby skull shape May be:

“tower”, when the shape of the head of a newborn baby is oval, elongated, the so-called “dolichocephalic” head shape,

“brachycephalic” is a rounded head shape in infants with pronounced frontal tuberosities (as a rule, it is characteristic of infants born in the breech position).

Both “tower” (“dolichocephalic”) and “brachycephalic” shapes of the head and skull in newborns are the norm.

During childbirth, the bones of a newborn baby’s skull may dislocate at the seams, because they are pliable and overlap each other. This is also normal, and is not a pathology, and there will be no consequences in the future: all the bones of the newborn baby’s skull will fall into place.

Definitely, after birth, the baby will have swelling of the face and scalp. After a couple of days they go away, which is why many people notice that on the third or fourth day the baby seems to become different.

How to push properly during childbirth.

If the mother behaves incorrectly during childbirth - she presses the newborn head in the perineum during pushing, pushes on the face, on the eyes, during childbirth - then the baby experiences hemorrhages - small facial vessels burst, a huge bruise or small pinpoint hemorrhages appears on the face . Sometimes blood vessels in the eyes burst. This is why it is so important to push correctly during childbirth, and during the pushing period to listen and be in contact with the doctor and midwife! Over time, all these birth injuries of the newborn child pass without requiring treatment. But, after discharge from the hospital, doctors still recommend showing the baby to an ophthalmologist to assess the degree of this hemorrhage.

The circumference of the head and chest of a child up to one year.

The head circumference of a newborn fetus is a very important anthropometric indicator, on the basis of which the degree of growth of the child is subsequently monitored. When compared with the data recorded by a neonatologist after the birth of the baby, the doctor at the children's clinic can later identify, for example, developing hydrocephalic syndrome in the baby: there are no clinical manifestations yet, but for some reason the head has begun to grow quickly. If the numbers after measuring the growth of the head circumference of a child under one year old do not correspond to age-specific indicators and the norm, this alerts the doctor, who refers the baby for consultation with a specialist so as not to miss the moment when treatment can begin and a full recovery can be achieved.

Average head circumference at birth- about 35 centimeters (the normal fluctuation range is 32 - 38 cm)

• Table of head circumference for a newborn child up to one year (normal fluctuations): At 1 month - 37 cm (35 - 40 cm);

At 2 months - 38 cm (36 - 41 cm);

At 3 months - 40 cm (38 - 43 cm);

At 4 months - 41 cm (39 - 44 cm);

At 5 months - 42 cm (40 - 45 cm);

At 6 months - 44 cm (41 - 46 cm);

At 7 months - 45 cm (42 - 47 cm);

At 9 months - 45 cm (43 - 48 cm);

At 10 months - 46 cm (44 - 49 cm);

At 12 months (1 year) - 47 cm (44 - 50 cm).

A newborn fetus has a head circumference that is approximately 2 centimeters larger than the chest circumference. At the 4th month, the size of the head circumference of a newborn baby and the size of the chest become closer or equalized. At the 12th month, the chest size of a newborn baby becomes approximately 2 centimeters larger than the head circumference.

Average chest size at birth- about 33 centimeters (the normal fluctuation range is 33.5 - 36 centimeters.

• Table of chest size for a newborn child up to one year (normal fluctuations): At 1 month - 35 - 38 cm;

At 2 months - 37 - 40 cm;

At 3 months - 38.4 - 42.1 cm;

At 4 months - 39.8 - 43.5 cm;

At 5 months - 41 - 45 cm;

At 6 months - 42.4 - 46.3 cm;

At 7 months - 43.4 - 47.5 cm;

At 8 months - 44.4 - 48.5 cm;

At 9 months - 45.2 - 49.3 cm;

At 10 months - 46 - 50 cm;

At 12 months (1 year) - 47 - 51.2 cm.

Skin of a newborn baby.

Appearance of baby's skin.

In the first 30-40 seconds after birth, the baby’s skin is cyanotic (bluish). This is due to a short-term cessation of blood flow through the umbilical cord and the inclusion of lung function. When the baby begins to breathe, he turns pink.

Is there blood on the baby? No need to panic. This is the mother's blood that remained on the baby's skin as he passed through the birth canal.

APGAR scale was proposed by the American doctor Virginia Apgar to assess the condition of the child at birth. The doctor diagnoses whether the child has experienced acute hypoxia (oxygen starvation). The APGAR scale evaluates 5 parameters: skin color, breathing, heartbeat, muscle tone and reflexes of the newborn.

APGAR scale

color of the skin

bluish limbs

pink, red

absent

slow, uneven

good, loud crying

heartbeat

absent

less
120 beats/min

more
120 beats/min

reflexes

none

slight grimace

coughs, sneezes, screams

muscle tone

absent

limbs bent

actively moves body parts

The normal Apgar score is from 7 to 10 points. When assessed on the APGAR scale of 6 points or less, they speak of acute intrapartum fetal hypoxia, that is, oxygen starvation that the child experienced during childbirth. The lower the APGAR score, the more severe the child’s condition.

But this is not a sentence. After all, newborn babies are the most grateful patients: the more often doctors begin to take measures, the better and faster results they achieve. But it is always important for doctors to know what they may encounter during childbirth. That is why, when receiving a woman in labor, her exchange card is studied. Doctors evaluate possible risk factors and predict the course of labor. If a woman in labor with a high risk of developing acute hypoxia in the child is admitted to the maternity hospital, a resuscitator comes to this birth in order to immediately provide the newborn with the necessary resuscitation assistance, if necessary.

Reflexes of a newborn baby.

In the delivery room, doctors do not require the baby to perform all the unconditioned reflexes of newborns. First of all, the baby’s reaction to examination, to manipulation, to the nasal catheter when suctioning mucus from the nose or removing it from the mouth with a tampon is assessed. The most important innate unconditioned reflexes are also assessed:

• oral automatism reflex, when when you press your palms the baby opens his mouth;

crawling reflex - the baby is placed on his tummy, pushed under his feet, and he begins to crawl;

support reflex - the baby is held vertically and he stands on his feet;

step reflex - the baby begins to walk;

hanging reflex - when the baby is lying on his back, fingers are placed in his palms, he clings to them and holds on when he is slightly lifted.

Doctors do not recommend that mothers check their reflexes on their own; this should only be done by a specialist. Although from the outside it seems that it is easy and simple! Without knowing the correct examination technique, a mother can harm her child.

Breathing of a newborn baby.

Light crumbs have a small volume, the breathing rate of a newborn baby is 40-60 times per minute, at 6 months - 35-40 times, at 12 months - 30-35 times.

Heartbeat of a newborn baby.

The baby's metabolism is very intense, and the volume of blood ejected by the heart during one contraction is quite small. This is compensated by a high heart rate. The normal fetal heartbeat in a newborn baby is up to 140 beats per minute, in a baby of the 2-12th month of life - 110-130 beats per minute.

Urination of a newborn baby.

On days 1-2, a newborn baby’s diuresis is low: he can urinate only 2-3 times a day. After 5-7 days, the baby’s frequency of urination averages about 15-20 times a day. Infants in the first month of life (with breastfeeding) have stools from 6 to 10 times, which very often corresponds to the number of times the baby is fed.

Fetal nutrition.

Previously, it was believed that in utero the baby is fed only through the umbilical cord, thus receiving all the necessary nutrients. But where does meconium, the original stool, come from in this case? It turns out that there is also a second source of fetal nutrition - amniotrophic.

The amniotrophic type of nutrition is when the child swallows amniotic fluid, as a result of which the nutrients that amniotic fluid is very rich in are absorbed through the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. The baby begins to swallow amniotic fluid from the 8th week of intrauterine life, and the breakdown of nutrients in his digestive tract begins.

This discovery was made by scientists quite recently. And after this, another important conclusion was made: amniotrophic nutrition contributes to a better transition to breastfeeding. After all, in utero there is constant training of the gastrointestinal tract, preparation for the fact that when the baby is born, he will eat differently. In addition, there is a relationship between the nutrient content of amniotic fluid, maternal blood and colostrum. They are very close in composition, and the closer to childbirth, the more amniotic fluid is similar in the set of fats, proteins, carbohydrates and minerals to colostrum.

New data has emerged about the composition of breast milk, this unique source of your baby's health and growth. Colostrum and mother's milk contain a complete set of enzymes that ensure the digestion of the newborn. Moreover, mother's milk contains, among other things, those enzymes that help the child break down mother's milk itself. That is, nature not only gives the child nutrition, but also helps to absorb this nutrition - milk helps digest itself! Moreover, the maximum content of enzymes responsible for the absorption of milk is found in colostrum immediately after birth. The older the child, the fewer these enzymes become, because the baby’s body itself begins to break down milk well, its own enzymatic systems mature and start up.

Adolescence is a time of rapid psychological and physical development of a child. During this period, there is a rapid increase in height and significant changes in body weight of boys and girls. Their ratio has a strong influence on both the physical and psychological development of children.

​Periods of active growth of the body during adolescence

For any age, there are approximate average height and weight indicators. Today's average a man's height is 175 centimeters, and a woman's height is 165 centimeters. Boys reach these indicators by the age of 18–20, and girls stop growing at about 16–18 years.

The period of active physical development in girls and boys does not begin at the same time. In girls, active growth begins a year or two years earlier than in boys. Already at 9–10 years old, they are significantly taller and more developed than most of their classmates. Boys' active growth begins at approximately 12–14 years of age. This period in adolescents of both sexes coincides with the onset of puberty.

It should be noted that these figures are indicative only. Some children begin to change physically earlier than their peers. Other teenagers catch up with their peers in physical development much later. Therefore, minor deviations at the beginning of the period of active growth in adolescence are the norm and do not require any measures.

​Weight and height standards for adolescents

​On what circumstances do the height parameters of adolescents and their weight depend?

All children develop individually. Both the height and weight of each child depend on many factors:

• genetic predisposition;
• individual characteristics of puberty;
• hormonal background;
• presence of chronic diseases;
• features of pregnancy and childbirth;
• living conditions: nutrition, lifestyle, psychological climate in the family;
• genetic diseases.

Monitoring the child’s development and its correlation with average indicators should be carried out regularly. Any significant deviation from the norms is a reason to contact specialists. The sooner the problem is identified and its cause is found, the sooner the child can be helped and the situation corrected.

​Height and weight tables for teenage children

Any average obtained on the basis of statistics. This means that average height and weight data are relevant only for representatives of a certain genotype. The statute of limitations for such testimony is no more than 10 years. For ease of reference, all data obtained as a result of research is summarized in tables.

Height and weight chart for male teenagers. Height and weight indicators in the table are expressed in centimeters and kilograms.

Child's age	Flaw		Norm		Excess
	cm	kg	cm	kg	cm	kg
10	129,7	26	137,5	31,7	145,6	40
11	134,9	28,5	152,3	33	152,2	45,7
12	139,9	31,3	159	35,2	159	51,9
13	145,8	34,5	165,6	44,3	165,6	58,3
14	152,3	38,6	168	49,7	172,2	64,9
15	158,6	43,5	172,2	55,6	177,6	71,5
16	162,8	49	172,3	61,8	182,1	77,2
17	167,2	55	176,6	66,9	184,8	80,9

Height and weight chart for female teenagers.

Child's age	Lack (cm)		Normal (cm)		Excess (kg)
	cm	kg	cm	kg	cm	kg
10	130,7	25,2	138,6	31,3	147	41,2
11	136	27,8	144,5	34,8	153,3	47,1
12	141,8	31,9	150,1	40,7	158,7	54,4
13	147,4	37,4	155,8	47,8	163,9	60,8
14	151,6	42,9	159,5	53,1	167,4	65,1
15	154	46,3	161,6	55,5	169,7	67,7
16	154,8	48,5	162,4	56,6	170,3	68,5
17	155,4	50	163,9	57,4	171,7	69

The figures given in the tables correspond to the average anthropometric data at a certain age. The height and weight of a child may not correspond to one cell of the table. Most teenagers gain centimeters and kilograms unevenly. For example , height at 12 years old can correspond to the norm, and the weight be more or less than it. When analyzing the data obtained, it is also necessary to take into account factors influencing the physical development of adolescents.

​The relationship between height, weight and volume in adolescence

The ratio of body weight and volume plays an important role for normal well-being. It must be remembered that body weight and volume are not interchangeable concepts. We are talking about real violations of these indicators. Far-fetched problems of adolescence caused by subjective self-esteem require the help of a psychologist, and not weight adjustment.

If a child's body weight is within the normal range, but his body looks obese, then he is obese. This problem can be easily solved by changing the nutrition system and replacing the lifestyle with a more active one.

Quite often there are teenagers with a lag in the rate of muscle mass development compared to centimeter gain. V. This explains the characteristic for adolescence, lankyness and lack of coordination. In most cases, these indicators return to normal over time. If the lack of muscles and body weight do not increase, parents should consult a specialist for advice and find the cause of this problem.

Separately, it is necessary to mention the increase in body volume in the abdominal area with normal body weight. This phenomenon is associated with insufficient development of the abdominal muscles and a passion for poor nutrition. Components of the solution to this problem:

• adjusting the system and power mode;
• refusal of harmful products;
• playing sports.

​Recommendations from experts for the proper physical development of boys and girls

The influence of lifestyle and nutrition on height and weight

As mentioned, to thrive during adolescence, you need to eat right and exercise regularly.

​Food

Adequate proper nutrition is the key to increasing growth. In order to grow faster You need to eat certain foods and reduce or completely eliminate unhealthy foods from your diet.

Nutrition experts recommend starting the day with a rich and satisfying breakfast. It should contain the maximum amount of nutrients. The first meal of the day may consist of cereals, dairy products, eggs, whole grain bread, tea or cocoa. Various breakfast cereals will not harm the body, but they will not help you grow. The daily diet should also include foods rich in fiber (vegetables, herbs, grains, fruits) and protein (meat, fish, poultry). Eating soups with natural broths stimulates metabolism in the body. The same function is performed by water, which must be consumed up to 2 liters per day. Main, so that the food is varied and regular.

For most modern teenagers, their favorite food is fast food, sweet carbonated drinks and various chips and crackers. These products not only will not help boys and girls grow up, but can also cause irreparable harm to their health. The same statement is true for alcoholic and energy drinks.

Proper nutrition will give positive effect and will help you grow only in combination with the right daily routine and regular exercise.

Lifestyle

Lifestyle is of great importance to enhance the growth of adolescents. The right combination of active activity and rest will help to quickly increase this physical indicator.

It is in sleep that a person grows. Therefore, during adolescence, a child should sleep at least 8–10 hours at night. Conditions for good sleep are: a well-ventilated, dark room, a hard bed, the absence or small volume of a pillow, clean bed and night linen, a relaxed body position, a clear bedtime (approximately 21 hours).

Performing physical exercises gives a significant increase in centimeters. The most effective exercises are exercises on the horizontal bar and stretching. They must be performed in the morning, in a good mood and having slept well.

An indispensable exercise for stimulating growth is swimming. This sport helps stretch the muscles and spine without putting unnecessary strain on them.

However, there are a number of exercises that are contraindicated during periods of active growth. These include weightlifting, gymnastics, martial arts, and long-distance running. These types of activities are associated with excessive stress on the muscles, joints and spine.

Vitamins

Taking multivitamin complexes is a prerequisite for the normal development of the body. Before using them It is necessary to consult with a specialist and select a drug that is suitable for the child individually. It should contain vitamins “A”, “B”, “C”, and “D”. It is these substances that have a beneficial effect on increasing growth.

Rapid changes in the teenage body, including an increase in height and body weight, are a difficult test for boys and girls. Successfully overcoming this period will make their adult life healthier and more successful.

As each child develops, it grows and gains weight. Parents who are concerned about their baby growing “correctly” always pay attention to “normal” indicators of body weight and height, focusing on the average data given in the tables of the World Health Organization. When answering the question of how much a child of a certain age should weigh, it should be taken into account that each person’s body has individual characteristics. That is, in order to understand that everything is fine with the child and he is growing normally, you need not only to compare his parameters with the standard, but also to take into account their relationships.

The ratio of height parameters and body weight of a child

The concept of “body mass index” is well known to many parents - especially mothers who watch their figure. To assess the harmonious development of a child and identify possible deviations in height and weight, you will also need to calculate BMI.

It is important to remember that normal values ​​for a baby differ from similar values ​​calculated for the adult population. The normal BMI of an adult is no more than 25; for children, a similar index can vary between 13-21. BMI is calculated to help diagnose the following conditions:

1. obesity requiring treatment;
2. overweight;
3. slightly increased weight, within the permissible range of normal fluctuations;
4. normal weight (see also:);
5. underweight;
6. exhaustion requiring treatment.

Features of the baby's first year of life

In the first twelve months of a child’s life, indicators of his growth and development are directly related to feeding characteristics. In accordance with WHO guidelines, a breastfed child with a birth weight of 3.3 kg (boy) or 3.2 kg (girl) is taken as a standard for developing the table. According to growth standards, the “starting indicators” are taken to be 49.9 cm and 49.1 cm, respectively.

If the baby was born with less body weight and height (this often occurs in children born prematurely, as well as in those born from short parents), then there is no need to worry that after a month or two he “lags behind” from tabular indicators.

Up to one year of age, the determining factor is not the correspondence of height and weight to the table, but their change over time. If a child is systematically gaining kilograms and growing, then everything is fine with him, and there is no reason to panic.

Girls' height and weight

Age, months	Weight in grams			Height, cm
	Very low	Norm	Very tall	Very low	Norm	Very tall
0	2000	3200	4800	43,6	49,1	54,7
1	2700	4200	6200	47,8	53,7	59,5
2	3400	5100	7500	51,0	57,1	63,2
3	4000	5800	8500	53,5	59,8	66,1
4	4400	6400	9300	55,6	62,1	68,6
5	4800	6900	10000	57,4	64,0	70,7
6	5100	7300	10600	58,9	65,7	72,5
7	5300	7600	11100	60,3	67,3	74,2
8	5600	7900	11600	61,7	68,7	75,8
9	5800	8200	12000	62,9	70,1	77,4
10	5900	8500	12400	64,1	71,5	78,9
11	6100	8700	12800	65,2	72,8	80,3
12	6300	8900	13100	66,3	74,0	81,7

Height and weight of boys

The characteristics of the weight and height of male children before they reach one year of age are determined according to the same principles as for girls. Monthly weight gain is of decisive importance for monitoring the condition and development of a child - that is, you need to compare the baby first of all with himself, what he was like a month ago.

Age, months	Weight in grams			Height, cm
	Very low	Norm	Very tall	Very low	Norm	Very tall
0	2100	3300	5000	44,2	49,9	55,6
1	2900	4500	6600	48,9	54,7	60,6
2	3800	5600	8000	52,4	58,4	64,4
3	4400	6400	9000	55,3	61,4	67,6
4	4900	7000	9700	57,6	63,9	70,1
5	5300	7500	10400	59,6	65,9	72,2
6	5700	7900	10900	61,2	67,6	74,0
7	5900	8300	11400	62,7	69,2	75,7
8	6200	8600	11900	64,0	70,6	77,2
9	6400	8900	12300	65,2	72,0	78,7
10	6600	9200	12700	66,4	73,3	80,1
11	6800	9400	13000	67,6	74,5	81,5
12	6900	9600	13300	68,6	75,7	82,9

Indicators of a child under 10 years of age

The period from birth to the age of 10 is characterized by rapid growth of the child. However, if before the age of one year the baby grew noticeably and became “heavier” almost every day, at an older age he will grow a little slower.

This is due to changes in metabolism and the growing activity of the baby: a baby spends much less energy and calories on outdoor games than a toddler who has already learned to walk and run, and is now actively exploring the world around him.

Baby's height and weight at 1 year

If we look at the average values, we can note that during the first year of life the baby gains about 6-7 kilograms. Moreover, most of the “gain” occurs in the first six months of life, when the child gains about 700-800 grams in one month. With proper care, healthy low birth weight babies can “catch up” in weight to their peers born with average body weight by 6-7 months.

The weight of a one-year-old child is considered normal if its value is in the range between 8 and 12 kg. The increase in height will be about 25 cm. The height of a child at 1 year is approximately 75 cm ± 6 cm.

Height and weight from 2 to 3 years

Between two and three years old, the baby is still growing. However, in his daily routine there is less and less quiet rest and meals, and the amount of time devoted to outdoor games is steadily growing. Normally, during the third year of his life, a child will gain about two to three kilograms (that is, he will weigh 11-15 kg) and grow by 9-10 cm.

Height and weight from 4 to 5 years

The average weight of a harmoniously developed 4-year-old child, according to WHO, is about 16 kg, while a deviation of 2-3 kg up or down is considered normal. The height of a child of this age is 102-103 cm. By his fifth birthday, a preschooler will gain about 2 kg and grow by 7 cm.

Height and weight from 6 to 7 years

If you put a healthy six-year-old baby on the scale, and the screen displays a value in the range of 18-23.5 kg, then he fully complies with the standards developed by WHO. By his seventh birthday, an older preschooler (or a junior schoolchild) will become 2-3 kg heavier. According to growth standards, he will grow by about 5 cm.

Summary table with parameters from 1 to 10 years

For those parents who are worried about the development of their baby, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with the summary table of the height and weight of children, compiled according to WHO data. Here are the average height and weight values ​​for children of both sexes aged 1-10 years. The baby’s parameters do not have to correspond exactly to the values ​​​​given in the table - a deviation of 2-3 kg and a few centimeters in any direction is considered a variation of the norm.

It should also be taken into account that girls grow rapidly after 10 and up to 12 years of age, while in boys a jump is observed at an older age - after 13 and up to 16 years. Girls gain height on average up to 19 years, and boys - up to 22 years.

Age, years	Boys		Girls
	Weight, kg	Height, cm	Weight, kg	Height, cm
1	9,6	75,7	8,9	74,0
2	12,2	87,8	11,5	86,4
3	14,3	96,1	13,9	95,1
4	16,3	103,3	16,1	102,7
5	18,3	110,0	18,2	109,4
6	20,5	116,0	20,2	115,1
7	22,9	121,7	22,4	120,8
8	25,4	127,3	25,0	126,6
9	28,1	132,6	28,2	132,5
10	31,2	137,8	31,9	138,6

Indicators for children from 11 to 18 years old

Indicators that are considered normal at the age of 11-18 years are distinguished by their wide range. This is the period of the onset of puberty, when global changes occur in the teenager’s body. Parents must prepare their growing son or daughter not only physically, but also emotionally.

It should also be borne in mind that following a diet for weight loss at this time is not recommended - a lack of necessary elements before the 18th birthday can lead to serious problems in the future.

The height and body weight standards for children are presented below.

Age, years	Male		Female
	Weight, kg	Height, cm	Weight, kg	Height, cm
11	31,0-39,9	138,5-148,3	30,7-39	140,2-148,8
12	34,4-45,1	143,6-154,5	36-45,4	145,9-154,2
13	38,0-50,6	149,8-160,6	43-52,5	151,8-159,8
14	42,8-56,6	156,2-167,7	48,2-58	155,4-163,6
15	48,3-62,8	162,5-173,5	50,6-60,5	157,2-166
16	54,0-69,6	166,8-177,8	51,8-61,3	158,0-166,8
17	59,8-74	171,6-181,6	49,2-68	158,6-169,2
18

Factors that influence growth rate and weight gain in children

Growth rate and weight gain depend on a number of factors. First of all, this is, of course, heredity. If the baby’s parents are short and have an asthenic physique, then with a high degree of probability the child’s body weight and height will be similar.

Also, factors affecting weight and height in children include the following:

1. sleep and rest schedule (it is required that the total daily sleep duration corresponds to age);
2. active or passive lifestyle – for active children, weight and height differ in their proportionality;
3. diet - for harmonious development it must include all the necessary vitamins, micro and macroelements, and be varied;
4. diseases of infectious origin that the child suffered;
5. the presence of genetic pathologies;
6. features of the course of pregnancy in the mother;
7. features of the delivery process.

Deviations from the norm

Significant underweight or, on the contrary, overweight, as well as too slow/very intensive growth is a consequence of the influence of various factors. To identify the causes of serious deviations, you will need to seek advice from specialists - a geneticist, endocrinologist, neurologist or gastroenterologist.

Depending on the individual characteristics of the body, weight correction can be done by making changes in diet and lifestyle; it is much more difficult to influence the child’s growth when abnormalities are identified.

Adolescence is a time when every boy and girl changes in figure, weight, height, physiological characteristics of the body, metabolism, mental abilities, thinking, principles, the psychology of child development in adolescence plays a big role in the development of the child’s physical abilities and if If you don’t play sports from an early age, your child’s muscle strength will not fully develop!

Every year of human development in adolescence is important for the child to develop correctly, you need to devote time to both his mental and physical abilities, a scientific approach from the point of view of scientists, when a child develops not only to become smart, but also plays sports from an early age, many psychological qualities such as self-confidence, willpower, and many other qualities that manifest themselves in adulthood when a person becomes an adult.

What should be the weight for a height of 142,143,144,145,146 cm

Every year a boy’s and a girl’s weight, height, and body weight change; every year a teenager’s figure, proportions and parameters change; this depends on many factors, on the genetics of their parents, what they were like in adolescence, as well as their parents and grandparents!

What should be the weight for a height of 147,148,149,150,151 cm

The genetics of a child cannot predict what height and weight he will be at the age of 12,13,14,15,16,17,18 years, but in order for him to develop correctly, you need to see the child from the outside in advance from an early age, what kind of sport the child likes before the age of 12 years, you can always engage in various sports, for example, swimming, dancing, football, basketball, and many other sports that can be practiced from an early age in adolescence.

What should be the weight for a height of 179,180,181,182,183 cm

What should be the weight for a height of 184,185,186,187,188 cm

What should be the weight for a height of 152,153,154,155 cm

What should be the weight for a height of 156, 157,158,159 cm

160,161,162 (cm) Centimeters for men

(guys) women (girls)

What should be the height with a weight of 60, 61, 62, 63, 64 kg

What should be the height with a weight of 65.66, 67, 68, 69 kg

What should be the height and weight of men (boys) women (girls)

Variant of the weight ratio table by girl's age

What should be the height with a weight of 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 kg

What should be the height with a weight of 45, 56, 47, 48, 49 kg

Table of obesity and excess weight in kg

What should be the height with a weight of 50, 51, 52, 53, 54 kg

What should be the height with a weight of 55, 56, 57, 58, 59 kg

for men (boys) women (girls)

Variant of weight ratio table by age for boys

What should be the weight for a height of 163,164,165,166,167 cm

What should be the weight for a height of 168,169,170,171,172 cm

What should be the weight for a height of 173,174,175,176,177,178 cm

(cm) centimeters for men (guys) women (girls) ideal weight

Variant of the weight ratio table for women's height, men's optimal weight

Norm weight and height for boys and girls at 12,13,14,15,16,17,18 years

Age-related changes in the body of a boy and a girl occur from 12,13,14,15,16,17, up to 18 inclusive, where a person’s weight and height are determined every year; it is impossible to guess what weight and height a child will be at a certain age, but science does not stand still in the field of studying a person, how he changes from year to year, and there are special tables for the ratio of a person’s height and weight, what volumes, proportions, parameters of a teenager’s figure a child should have at 12,13,14,15,16,17,18 years table of parameters what should be depending on age and weight. It is impossible to predict muscle volumes from such tables, namely, what should be the circumference of the waist, chest, and the volume of the muscles of the arms and legs.

What should be the height with a weight of 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75 kg

What should be the height with a weight of 76, 77, 78, 79, 80 kg

Why is it impossible to find out the parameters of the figure and what the muscle circumference will be at different ages?

Human genetics is a complex science about a person that studies many different characteristics of a person and his development in the environment, every year a person also grows bones that greatly affect the volume of muscles and their circumference, it is known that there are 3 types of figures in men, this is each type build has its own metabolism and predisposition to weight gain and weight loss. Girls have a very different figure from men! The main body types for girls are triangle, rectangle, pear, hourglass, apple; each girl body type has its own pros and cons, just like male body types.

The ideal body type does not exist among men and girls, and in order to create a beautiful figure for themselves at a young age, many boys and girls begin to work out in the gym or at home to improve their shape, muscle parameters and pump up their abdominal muscles, legs, back, arms and biceps triceps, shoulders.

Why does a boy's or a girl's weight increase at 12,13,14,15,16,17,18 years old?

The increase in weight and body weight in adolescence is not only associated with adolescence, the weight of a teenager also changes from nutrition, many teenagers do not monitor their proper nutrition and eat what they like and do not always eat at home what their parents give them, but prefer to eat in places where they are at the moment and to help them get a full meal in various canteens, cafes, McDonald's, and other public catering establishments where you can quickly eat, have a snack and satisfy your hunger and eat to the fullest!

Eating in fast foods, canteens, cafes in public places: harm and benefit

The menu does not always include healthy and proper food, the menu and diet that is compiled there is always rich in various dishes - soups, cereals, salads, sweets, as well as fried delicacies! The main dishes that are there are always rich in fats and carbohydrates, and if you constantly eat such food, the teenager’s body weight grows quickly. Well, taking into account the caloric content of food and constantly eating it leads to the fact that a teenager grows overweight and fat is deposited on the stomach, sides, legs and thighs. This problem mainly exists among girls. For men, most of the weight goes into the stomach! A person’s weight gain also depends on the type of figure he has, so this should not be forgotten.

How to remove belly flanks for a girl and a boy at 12,13,14,15,16,17,18 years old

Proper nutrition is the best way to reduce excess weight, many teenagers think that in order to reduce excess weight and quickly lose weight effectively, you must exercise, only then you can without much effort, without thinking about the fact that you need to exercise regularly, constantly so that the effect of training is noticeable and that while playing sports you also need to follow a strict diet!

The misconception among teenagers that it is necessary to exercise in order to lose weight attracts many boys and girls to sports and they begin to actively engage and perform physical exercises in the gym at home in order to remove the belly and sides at home in the gym!

How to gain weight and build musclesgirl to boy at 12,13,14,15,16,17,18 years old

A boy and a girl can gain weight in different ways, one of the options is to increase the need for food and increase the total calorie content of foods and eat as much as possible for breakfast, lunch, dinner, afternoon snack, weight can be gained both general and muscle, to build up muscles you need to start working out in the gym or at home!

If you train in the gym, you can gain weight much faster. Strength training for teenagers will accelerate muscle growth and your own weight will begin to grow faster, while muscle strength and endurance will change, so the best option to gain weight for a teenager is to start working out in the gym! The gym is a place where like-minded people train, so working out in the gym creates motivation for many teenagers to visit the gym constantly and lead a healthy lifestyle from an early age.

Sports for boys and girls aged 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18 years

Choosing a sport for a teenager from an early age of training is the beginning of the child’s proper development. Playing sports is necessary from an early age as the child’s posture and his physical, volitional, and psychological qualities are formed! Which are important in a person's life.

Team sports for teenagers aged 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18

Football, basketball, volleyball, hockey, water polo, handball, these are the main team sports for children, which are included in the Olympic sports grid and are the most popular among men and women; by sending your child to engage in such sports, you can always count on the child’s psychology will be healthy and the child will grow up balanced; constant training with the coach and the team is a great internal support for the child, from a psychological point of view, that he is not alone; team spirit in sports always has a positive effect on the development of the child and motivates him to play sports for a long time, unlike a single sport.

Single sports for teenagers aged 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18

Wrestling, boxing, fitness, bodybuilding, swimming, rhythmic gymnastics, kayaking, judo, karate, athletics, weightlifting, artistic gymnastics, each sport is good in its own way and it cannot be said that this sport is bad and this one is good.

Each type of dispute is individual and for an amateur, some like to play football with the boys, some like to swing on horizontal bars, etc. Therefore, from the early years of a child’s development, it is important to pay attention to what kind of sport the child likes and after a while send him there to play, taking into account child's interest!

But it is worth knowing and taking into account that each sport requires its own age and many strength sports are not recommended from an early age, such as weightlifting, fitness, bodybuilding, so the age when you can engage in and perform various activities in the gym begins at the age of 14 and subscriptions and Club cards are sold strictly from the age of 14 in all fitness clubs for children.

F figure at 12,13,14,15,16,17,18 years old, height, weight, mass boy girl